Ornamental to Invasive-Miscanthus

Miscanthus (Miscanthus sinensis) is a perennial ornamental grass often found in residential landscaping. The NC Invasive Plant Council lists Miscanthus as Rank 1 – Severe Threat. In addition to being an aggressive invasive species, it is also highly flammable and contributes to the spread of wildfires. It is known by several common names: Chinese Silvergrass, Maiden Grass, Japanese Silvergrass, Eulalia, and especially in Western North Carolina, Pampas Grass.

Miscanthus is native to Asia. The earliest known introduction of Miscanthus to the USA was from Japan to Asheville, NC, in 1893 and later to Washington, DC, in 1894 (Anon 1984; Quinn et al. 2010). In 1907, the Biltmore Nursery in Asheville, NC, had at least four varieties available via mail-order catalog (Alexander 2007). By 1913, the plant had naturalized in New York, Florida, and Washington, DC.

It can be found on roadsides and in residential plantings in Laurel Park. Heavy infestations can be observed in the vicinity of Bullington Gardens in eastern Henderson County. It is a prolific seed producer, a major reason for its rapid and widespread distribution. It also reproduces by an extensive root system.

Control & Management

Once established, Miscanthus is challenging to control. Cultural methods such as mowing may require several years to be effective. However, herbicide applications can work very well when applied at the appropriate time. This bulletin from the NCSU Extension Service provides additional chemical and mechanical control options. To prevent seed production, it is essential to eliminate the plants or remove the flowers before mature seeds form. Seeds are a significant method of dispersal of Miscanthus into natural areas.

Alexander B (2007) The Biltmore Nursery: A Botanical Legacy. Charleston, SC: Natural History Press. 288 p

Anon (1984) Horticulture and Aboriculture in the United States. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information. Royal Gardens, Kew. pp 37-66.

Quinn LD, Stewart JR, (2010) Invasiveness of Miscanthus sinensis: Implications for bioenergy production in the United States. GCB Energy 2:310-320.